African women in power · year lookup
Who ruled in 438 BCE?
No woman ruler in these records is documented holding office in 438 BCE. The nearest are shown below.
438 BCE falls in the 5th century BCE. See this era on the timeline
That gap is expected: this is a selected chronology of women who already have a sourced profile here, not a complete record of everyone who held power. The nearest documented rulers are below.
Before 438 BCE
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Documented history Office ended about 10 centuries earlier
Hatshepsut
Pharaoh; formerly regent
After serving as regent, Hatshepsut assumed full pharaonic titulary and ruled jointly with Thutmose III; monuments and inscriptions securely document her kingship.
After 438 BCE
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Documented history Office began about 4 centuries later
Amanirenas
Qore and Kandake of Kush
A ruling Kandake associated with Kush’s war against Roman Egypt and the peace settlement that followed; the exact boundaries of her reign remain approximate.